A key property of neural processing in higher mammals is the capability to focus resources, by selectively directing attention towards the most important sensory inputs of the moment. Attention research has shown rapid growth over the past two decades, as new techniques have become available to study higher brain function in humans, non-human primates, and other mammals. Neurobiology of Attention is the first encyclopedic volume to summarize the latest developments in attention research. An authoritative collection of 111 concise articles organized into thematic sections provides both broad coverage and access to focused, up-to-date research findings. The volume presents a state-of-the-art multidisciplinary perspective on psychological, physiological and computational approaches to understanding the neurobiology of attention. Ideal for students, as a reference handbook, or for rapid browsing, the book has a wide appeal to anybody interested in attention research.

Elsevier, ISBN: 0-12-375731-2, first published January 31, 2005. Hardcover.

Table of Contents

• Contributors
• Foreword, MICHAEL A. ARBIB
• Preface, LAURENT ITTI, GERAINT REES AND JOHN K. TSOTSOS
• i. A Brief and Selective History of Attention, JOHN K. TSOTSOS, LAURENT ITTI, GERAINT REES
• ii. A Tour of This Volume, MICHAEL TOMBU, NEIL BRUCE, ALBERT ROTHENSTEIN AND JOHN K. TSOTSOS

I. FOUNDATIONS

• 1. Computational Foundations for Attentive Processes, JOHN K. TSOTSOS
• 2. Capacity Limits for Spatial Discrimination, MICHAEL J. MORGAN AND JOSHUA A. SOLOMON
• 3. Directed Visual Attention and the Dynamic Control of Information Flow, CHARLES H. ANDERSON, DAVID C. VAN ESSEN, AND BRUNO A. OLSHAUSEN
• 4. Selective Attention as an Optimal Computational Strategy, GREG BILLOCK, CHRISTOF KOCH, AND DEMETRI PSALTIS
• 5. Surprise: A Shortcut for Attention?, PIERRE BALDI
• 6. A Heteromodal Large-Scale Network for Spatial Attention, M-MARSEL MESULAM, DANA M. SMALL, RIK VANDENBERGHE, DARREN R. GITELMAN, AND ANNA C. NOBRE
• 7. Parietal Mechanisms of Attentional Control: Locations, Features, and Objects, JOHN T. SERENCES, TAOSHENG LIU, AND STEVEN YANTIS
• 8. Visual Cortical Circuits and Spatial Attention, JOHN H. REYNOLDS
• 9. Psychopharmacology of Human Attention, JENNIFER T. COULL
• 10. Neuropharmacology of Attention, JEAN A. MILSTEIN, JEFFREY W. DALLEY, AND TREVOR W. ROBBINS
• 11. Identifying the Neural Systems of Top-Down Attentional Control: A Meta-analytic Approach, BARRY GIESBRECHT AND GEORGE R. MANGUN
• 12. Attention Capture: The Interplay of Expectations, Attention, and Awareness, MICHAEL S. AMBINDER AND DANIEL J. SIMONS
• 13. Change Blindness, RONALD A. RENSINK
• 14. Development of Covert Orienting in Young Infants, JOHN E. RICHARDS
• 15. Prior Entry, DAVID I. SHORE AND CHARLES SPENCE
• 16. Inhibition of Return, RAYMOND M. KLEIN AND JASON IVANOFF
• 17. Guidance of Visual Search by Preattentive Information, JEREMY M. WOLFE
• 18. The Top in Top-Down Attention, CHRIS FRITH
• 19. Allocation of Attention in Three-Dimensional Space, PAUL ATCHLEY
• 20. Covert Attention and Saccadic Eye Movements, JOHN M. FINDLAY
• 21. Prefrontal Selection and Control of Covert and Overt Orienting, NARCISSE P. BICHOT AND JEFFREY D. SCHALL
• 22. Dissociation of Selection from Saccade Programming, KIRK G. THOMPSON
• 23. Space- and Object-Based Attention, MICHAEL C. MOZER, SHAUN P. VECERA
• 24. Attention and Binding, LYNN C. ROBERTSON
• 25. Top-Down Facilitation of Visual Object Recognition, MOSHE BAR
• 26. Spatial Processing of Environmental Representations, JAMES R. BROCKMOLE AND RANXIAO FRANCES WANG
• 27. Decision and Attention, ANDREI GOREA AND DOV SAGI
• 28. Visual Attention and Emotional Perception, LUIZ PESSOA AND LESLIE G. UNGERLEIDER
• 29. The Difference between Visual Attention and Awareness: A Cognitive Neuroscience Perspective, VICTOR A.F. LAMME
• 30. Reaching Affects Saccade Trajectories, STEVEN P. TIPPER
• 31. The Premotor Theory of Attention, LAILA CRAIGHERO, GIACOMO RIZZOLATTI
• 32. Cross-Modal Consequences of Human Spatial Attention, JON DRIVER, MARTIN EIMER AND EMILIANO MACALUSO
• 33. Attention and Scene Understanding, VIDHYA NAVALPAKKAM, MICHAEL ARBIB AND LAURENT ITTI

II. FUNCTIONS

• 34. Visual Search and Popout in Infancy, SCOTT A. ADLER
• 35. Attention in Conditioning, PETER DAYAN
• 36. Electrophysiology of Reflexive Attention, JOSEPH B. HOPFINGER
• 37. Natural Scene Statistics and Salient Visual Features, CHRISTOPH ZETZSCHE
• 38. Salience of Feature Contrast, HANS-CHRISTOPH NOTHDURFT
• 39. Stimulus-Driven Guidance of Visual Attention in Natural Scenes, DERRICK J. PARKHURST AND ERNST NIEBUR
• 40. Contextual Guidance of Visual Attention, MARVIN M. CHUN
• 41. Gist of the Scene, AUDE OLIVA
• 42. Temporal Orienting of Attention, IVAN C. GRIFFIN AND ANNA C. NOBRE
• 43. Visual Search: The Role of Memory for Rejected Distractors, TODD S. HOROWITZ
• 44. The Neuropsychology of Visual Feature Binding, GLYN W. HUMPHREYS AND M. JANE RIDDOCH
• 45. Visual Saliency and Spike Timing in the Ventral Visual Pathway, RUFIN VANRULLEN
• 46. Object Recognition in Cortex: Neural Mechanisms, and Possible Roles for Attention, MAXIMILIAN RIESENHUBER
• 47. Binding Contour Segments into Spatially Extended Objects, PIETER R. ROELFSEMA AND HENK SPEKREIJSE
• 48. Scanpath Theory, Attention, and Image Processing Algorithms for Predicting Human Eye Fixations, CLAUDIO M. PRIVITERA AND LAWRENCE W. STARK
• 49. The Feature Similarity Gain Model of Attention: Unifying Multiplicative Effect of Spatial and Feature-based Attention, JULIO C. MARTÍNEZ-TRUJILLO AND STEFAN TREUE
• 50. Biasing Competition in Human Visual Cortex, SABINE KASTNER AND DIANE M. BECK
• 51. Nonsensory Signals in Early Visual Cortex, DAVID RESS AND DAVID J. HEEGER
• 52. Effects of Attention on Auditory Perceptual Organization, ROBERT P. CARLYON AND RHODRI CUSACK
• 53. Attention in Language, ANDRIY MYACHYKOV AND MICHAEL I. POSNER
• 54. Attention and Spatial Language, LAURA A. CARLSON AND GORDON D. LOGAN
• 55. The Sustained Attention to Response Test (SART), TOM MANLY AND IAN H. ROBERTSON
• 56. ERP Measures of Multiple Attention Deficits Following Prefrontal Damage, LEON Y. DEOUELL AND ROBERT T. KNIGHT
• 57. Nonspatially Lateralized Mechanisms in Hemispatial Neglect, MASUD HUSAIN
• 58. Visual Extinction and Hemispatial Neglect after Brain Damage: Neurophysiological Basis of Residual Processing, PATRIK VUILLEUMIER
• 59. Attention in Split-Brain Patients, TODD C. HANDY AND MICHAEL S. GAZZANIGA
• 60. Divided Attention in the Normal and the Split Brain: Chronometry and Imaging, MARCO IACOBONI

III. MECHANISMS

• 61. Neurophysiological Correlates of the Attentional Spotlight, EDGAR A DEYOE AND JULIE BREFCZYNSKI
• 62. Spatially-Specific Attentional Modulation Revealed by fMRI, DAVID C. SOMERS AND STEPHANIE A. MCMAINS
• 63. The Neural Basis of the Attentional Blink, RENÉ MAROIS
• 64. Neurophysiological Correlates of the Reflexive Orienting of Spatial Attention, JILLIAN H. FECTEAU, ANDREW H. BELL, MICHAEL C. DORRIS, AND DOUGLAS P. MUNOZ
• 65. Specifying the Components of Attention in a Visual Search Task, GREGORY J. ZELINSKY
• 66. Neural Evidence for Object-based Attention, KATHLEEN M. O CRAVEN
• 67. Location- or Feature-based Targeting of Spatial Attention, RIK VANDENBERGHE
• 68. Dimension-based Attention in Pop-out Search, JOSEPH KRUMMENACHER AND HERMANN J. MÜLLER
• 69. Irrelevant Singletons Capture Attention, JAN THEEUWES
• 70. Attentional Modulation of Apparent Stimulus Contrast, JULIO C. MARTINEZ-TRUJILLO AND STEFAN TREUE
• 71. Attentional Suppression Early in the Macaque Visual System, ORBAN, G.A., PAUWELS, K., VAN HULLE, M.M., AND VANDUFFEL, W.
• 72. Attentional Modulation in the Human Lateral Geniculate Nucleus and Pulvinar, SABINE KASTNER, KEITH A. SCHNEIDER, AND DANIEL H. O CONNOR
• 73. Transient Covert Transient Attention Increases Contrast Sensitivity and Spatial Resolution: Support for Signal Enhancement, MARISA CARRASCO
• 74. External Noise Distinguishes Mechanisms of Attention, ZHONG-LIN LU AND BARBARA ANNE DOSHER
• 75. Attentional Modulation and Changes in Effective Connectivity, CHRISTIAN BÜCHEL
• 76. Attentional Modulation of Surround Inhibition, BARBARA ZENGER-LANDOLT
• 77. Attentional Processes in Texture Perception, CHARLES CHUBB
• 78. Mechanisms of Perceptual Learning, BARBARA ANNE DOSHER AND ZHONG-LIN LU
• 79. Lateral Interactions between Targets and Flankers Require Attention, ELLIOT FREEMAN
• 80. Attention and Changes in Neural Selectivity, SCOTT O. MURRAY
• 81. Attentional Effects on Motion Processing, AMY A. REZEC AND KAREN R. DOBKINS
• 82. ERP Studies of Selective Attention to Nonspatial Features, ALICE M. PROVERBIO AND ALBERTO ZANI
• 83. Effects of Attention on Figure-Ground Responses in the Primary Visual Cortex during Working Memory, HANS SUPÈR
• 84. Electrophysiological and Neuroimaging Approaches to the Study of Visual Attention, ANTÍGONA MARTÍNEZ AND STEVEN A. HILLYARD
• 85. The Timing of Attentional Modulation of Visual Processing as Indexed by ERPs, ALBERTO ZANI AND ALICE M. PROVERBIO
• 86. Selective Visual Attention Modulates Oscillatory Neuronal Synchronization, PASCAL FRIES AND ROBERT DESIMONE
• 87. Putative Role of Oscillations and Synchrony in Cortical Signal Processing and Attention, WOLF SINGER
• 88. Attention to Tactile Stimuli Increases Neural Synchrony in Somatosensory Cortex, P. N. STEINMETZ, S. S. HSIAO, K. O. JOHNSON AND E. NIEBUR
• 89. Crossmodal Attention in Event Perception, KATSUMI WATANABE AND SHINSUKE SHIMOJO

IV. SYSTEMS

• 90. The FeatureGate Model of Visual Selection, KYLE R. CAVE, MIN-SHIK KIM, NARCISSE P. BICHOT AND KENITH V. SOBEL
• 91. Probabilistic Models of Attention Based on Iconic Representations and Predictive Coding, RAJESH P. N. RAO AND DANA H. BALLARD
• 92. The Selective Tuning Model for Visual Attention, JOHN K. TSOTSOS
• 93. The Primary Visual Cortex Creates a Bottom-up Saliency Map, LI ZHAÓPING
• 94. Models of Bottom-up Attention and Saliency, LAURENT ITTI
• 95. Saliency in Computer Vision, GÉRARD MEDIONI AND PHILIPPOS MORDOHAI
• 96. Contextual Influences on Saliency, ANTONIO TORRALBA
• 97. A Neurodynamical Model of Visual Attention, GUSTAVO DECO, EDMUND T. ROLLS AND JOSEF ZIHL
• 98. How the Detection of Objects in Natural Scenes Constrains Attention in Time, FRED H. HAMKER
• 99. Memory-Driven Visual Attention: An Emergent Behavior of Map-Seeking Circuits, DAVID W. ARATHORN
• 100. The Role of Short-Term Memory in Visual Attention, GUSTAVO DECO AND EDMUND T. ROLLS
• 101. Scene Segmentation through Synchronization, GÜNTHER PALM AND ANDREAS KNOBLAUCH
• 102. Attentive Wide-Field Sensing for Visual Telepresence and Surveillance, JAMES H. ELDER, FADI DORNAIKA, BOB HOU AND RONEN GOLDSTEIN
• 103. Neuromorphic Selective Attention Systems, GIACOMO INDIVERI
• 104. The Role of Visual Attention in the Control of Locomotion, M. ANTHONY LEWIS
• 105. Attention Architectures for Machine Vision and Mobile Robots, LUCAS PALETTA, ERICH ROME AND HILARY BUXTON
• 106. Attention for Computer Graphics Rendering, HECTOR YEE AND SUMANTA PATTANAIK
• 107. Linking Attention to Learning, Expectation, Competition, and Consciousness, STEPHEN GROSSBERG
• 108. Attention-Guided Recognition Based on What and Where Representations: A Behavioral Model, ILYA A. RYBAK, VALENTINA I. GUSAKOVA, ALEXANDER V. GOLOVAN, LUBOV N. PODLADCHIKOVA AND NATALIA A. SHEVTSOVA
• 109. A Model of Attention and Recognition by Information Maximization, KERSTIN SCHILL
• Index